Late prosthetic valve endocarditis with Mycobacterium tuberculosis after the Bentall procedure | Annals of Clinical Microbiology and Antimicrobials | Full Text

Late prosthetic valve endocarditis with Mycobacterium tuberculosis after the Bentall procedure | Annals of Clinical Microbiology and Antimicrobials | Full Text



Annals of Clinical Microbiology and Antimicrobials

Late prosthetic valve endocarditis with Mycobacterium tuberculosis after the Bentall procedure

• Qianqian Liu,
• Jialin Jin,
• Lingyun Shao,
• Shanshan Weng,
• Ju Zhou,
• Feng Li,
• Wenhong Zhang,
• Xinhua Weng and
• Yan GaoEmail author

Annals of Clinical Microbiology and Antimicrobials201918:15

https://doi.org/10.1186/s12941-019-0314-0

©  The Author(s) 2019

• Received: 24 December 2018
• Accepted: 19 March 2019
• Published: 28 March 2019

Abstract

Background

Prosthetic valve endocarditis (PVE) is a rare but severe complication of valve replacement surgery, with an incidence rate of 0.3–1.2% per patient-year. At present, staphylococci are the predominant causative microorganism of PVE. Herein, we report a confirmed case of late PVE in a mechanical aortic valve caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis.

Case presentation

A 32-year-old immunocompetent man with recurrent fever and 5-kg weight loss had a history of having undergone the Bentall procedure due to congenital heart disease. Nine years after the operation, he developed a paravalvular abscess in the mechanical aortic valve, presented with evidence of pulmonary tuberculosis on CT scan and was diagnosed with tuberculous endocarditis. This case report highlights a rare and non-negligible example of tuberculous endocarditis involving a mechanical valve.

Conclusions

Tuberculous PVE should be considered in patients with a history of valve replacement, recurrent fever, unexplained weight loss, pulmonary tuberculosis and meaningful valvular findings on echocardiogram.

Keywords

• Mycobacterium tuberculosis
• Prosthetic valve endocarditis
• Mechanical valve