Precision Medicine for Idiopathic Hypersomnia. - PubMed - NCBI

Precision Medicine for Idiopathic Hypersomnia. - PubMed - NCBI

Sleep Med Clin. 2019 Sep;14(3):333-350. doi: 10.1016/j.jsmc.2019.05.007.

Precision Medicine for Idiopathic Hypersomnia.

Arnulf I1, Leu-Semenescu S2, Dodet P2.

Author information

1

National Reference Center for Rare Hypersomnias, Pitie-Salpetriere University Hospital, APHP, and Sorbonne University, 47-83 Boulevard de l'Hôpital, Paris 75013, France. Electronic address: isabelle.arnulf@aphp.fr.

2

National Reference Center for Rare Hypersomnias, Pitie-Salpetriere University Hospital, APHP, and Sorbonne University, 47-83 Boulevard de l'Hôpital, Paris 75013, France.

Abstract

Idiopathic hypersomnia (IH) is characterized by excessive daytime sleepiness despite normal or prolonged sleep. IH is distinguished from narcolepsy by the female predominance, severe morning inertia, continuous drowsiness (rather than sleep attacks), unrefreshing naps, absence of cataplexy, sleep onset in REM periods, and hypocretin deficiency. In IH, the multiple sleep latency test demonstrates low sensitivity, specificity, and reproducibility, compared with prolonged sleep monitoring. In some IH cases, an endogenous hypnotic peptide stimulating GABA receptors during wakefulness is suspected, which are improved by anti-GABA drugs. The benefits of modafinil, sodium oxybate, mazindol, and pitolisant were found in mostly retrospective studies.

Copyright © 2019 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

KEYWORDS:

Drowsiness; GABA; Hypersomnia; Long sleep time; Modafinil; Sodium oxybate

PMID:

 

31375202

 

DOI:

 

10.1016/j.jsmc.2019.05.007